Bucket or vane for impact power-wheels.



No. 738,292. PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1903.

F. M. F. CAZIN.

BUCKET 0R VANE FOR IMPAOT'POWER WHEELS.

uruouxon rum) JULY 31, 1902.

N0 MODEL.

a E a v 6' 6i 7L 4 7) A f 7 71206615151515; ,1; c V'67'0t07! M; @MJMF 0/45 i UNITED STAT S,

i ate'nted September 8, 1903.

PATENT 8' OFFICE.

FRANCIS M. F. CAZIN, OF I-IOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY.

BUCKET OR VANE FOR IMPACT POWER-WHEELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 738,292, dated September 8, 1903.

Application filed July 31, 1902.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANCIS M. F. OAZIN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of 1108 Bloomfield street, city of Hoboken, Hudson county, State of New Jersey,'have invented a new and useful Improvement in Buckets or Vanes for Impact Power-Wheels, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the buckets for wheels or motors of the same class mentioned, and more particularly to the interior surfaces of such buckets or vanes, and may be considered as an improvement upon the buckets or vanes disclosed in my Patents Nos. 57 8,812 and 578,813, granted March 16, 1897, and to which reference may be had, if desired. In the bucket-cavities as described in the said patents there exists in the bottom thereof a deepest and at the same time central point, which is the point in Which the central and maximum sections of the cavity (or core thereof) cross one another at right angles-a point which in its relation to all the by-medescribed modifications of cavities 0r combinations of resisting-faces is the same in all namely, central-and indicating maximal depth. In my Patent No. 578,812, Figures 6, 7, and 10 of the drawings, this point is marked by 7, and in my Patent No. 57 8,813 this point, is marked in Fig. 4. as I), in Fig. 6 as s. It is the spot thus located and indicated in which the impact stream or jet tends to focus or concentrate, thereby not only increasing friction and erosion or Wear, but producing an eddy, counteraction, and consequent decrease of efficiency.

It is the object of the present invention to eliminate such focus or point of concentra tion or contraction of jet, thereby not only adding to the life of the buckets, but also preventing aloss of efficiency in power transmission from the power fluid to the wheel or motor. I

While primarily the to-1ne-patented form and combination of resisting-faces, as well as the improvement described in this application, are appropriate to water-wheels, they are equally applicable to all other power-wheels unto which pressure or power is conveyed by the flow of any other liquid or fluid. under Serial No. 117,819. (No model.)

pressure, expansion, or head. (Compare my Patent No. 578,813, page 4:, lines at to 54.) Likewise is the improvement such as now disclosed appropriate to the two distinct modifications of bucket or vane cavities or of combinations of resisting-faces of buckets and vanes such as described in the two said patents, because the present new and useful improvement relates exclusively to that which the two modifications without exception have in common-namely, to that central semicylindrical section of core or, as is the same, to that semicircular central maximum section of cavity which preferably stands in a plane of wheel rotation or parallel with the wheelbody and which is semicircular, though the front edges be in one modification a square and in the other modification a parallelogram with couples of sides of different lengths.

As the present improvement relates, as stated, to a division or section plane that is identical in all or any modification of bucketcavities as by me invented and patented, a description that relates to one of these modifications is clearly applicable to all others.

In the accompanying drawings, Figs. 1 to 6 are diagrams, hereinafter more fullyreferred to; and Fig. 7 is a plan of a double bucket constructed in accordance with this invention. The'bucket as a whole is denoted by B, and the wheel to which it is secured in the usual manner by A, O indicating the usual wedge or knife-edge which may separate the two buckets of a pair when a double bucket is constructed. The surface of each bucket may be considered as made up by the four surfaces marked 1, 2, 3, and at, opposite surfaces 1 and 3 being equal in size and curvature, and opposite surfaces 2 and a really constituting but one surface, since at their meeting point in the bottom of the bucket there is simply a continuous cylindrical surface, as hereinafter more fully explained.

It will be convenient to explain the surfaces in my bucket by considering the same as the form a bucket. The essential in the formation of such a core consists in this, that half a cylinder (semicylinder) be penetrated either by another half-cylinder of equal radius or by a segmental part of another cylinder of a longer diameter, such segmental part being so measured that its elevation or raise be precisely equal to the radius of the semicylinder and that the interpenetration be at right angles. 'Both cylinder parts then have an apex-point of intersection, or the spot hereinabove specifically mentioned, in common. It is necessary only in explaining my new improvement to consider the core made of two absolutely equal halves of the same cylinder,

but as there then are two of them I call that which as the resultof theirinterpenetrationhas become common to both and when the non-interpenetrating parts have been discarded a semi-bi-cylinder. or .bi-semi-cylinder, and I include in and under such designation the cores of both the modifications of cavities as to me heretofore patented, and may properly thus refer to both, as only that characteristic of theirs comes into considelation-namely, the semicylindrical or semicircular section, through the apex or deepest spot and among parallel sections the maximal section, preferably situate ina plane of wheel rotation which is common to all. If now such a semi- -bi-cylinder core be divided into halves on the semicircular plane, such as hereinabove specitied, the division plane standing at right angles to the square or parallelogrammatic base thereof,and if these two halves are moved for a distance apart and a slice of a semicylinder of identical radius with the same said section be inserted between and joined to and fittingly with the two halves, an elongated solid core will be formed, a side view of which is indicated by Fig. 2, an end view by Fig. 1, and a plan of the base or flat surface thereof by Fig. 3. In Fig. 3 the bases of the halves of the original semi-bi-cylinderare indicated by the two rectangles c c b a and lb h f f and the base of the interposed segment by the rectanglea b h h. In Fig. 2 an end View of the slice would be indicated by the rectangle g g h h and end views of the halves of the said semi-bi-cylinders by rectangles c 2' g g and h h d. The longitudinal section of such core or solid cavity pattern at right angles to the base on the line 0 d in Fig. 3 would have the shape as shown in Fig. 2. It will thus be understood that in Fig. 7 the surfaces marked 1 3 correspond to the halves of the original core or semi-bi-cylinder and to the triangles or resisting-faces marked f h f and e e g in Fig. 1 and that the surfaces 2 4 correspond to the portion of Fig. 3 bounded by the lines 6 g e f h f.

The width of the interposed cylindrical portion at the bottomof the buckets is indicated by letters h g in both Figs. 7 and 1. It is thus apparent that a focus no longer exists in the bottom of the bucket, but in lieu thereof a cylindrical surface upon which the Water may spread in the manner desired. A section of the solid or core above described made by a plane at right angles to the axis or in the line a I) of Fig. 3 would have the shape shown in Fig. 1. In the same manner the intersection of a plane with the walls of the bucket on the line 0 d of Fig. 7 would have the shape indicated by the line 0 2' g h 70 d in Fig. 2, and a plane at right angles to the one just mentioned or on the line a g b in Fig. 7 would intersect the walls of the bucket in a line indicated by the semicircle in Fig. 1.

It is of course apparent that such a core or solid could in practice easily be made by taking a semicylinder of proper length and turn ing off the ends in circles having the same radius as the semicylinder and beginning at a distance from each end equal to said radius. Figs. i and 5 may be considered as showing blanks of sheet metal, which, if placed as indicated in Fig. and bent about the solid, formed as described above, could be used to construct the bucket out of sheet metal instead of casting the same. It remains to state that to the buckets and double buckets (vanes) of the th u s-improved form the several accessories built or set upon specified and unspecified parts of the front edges of the improved cavities, such as by me previously specified or patented-viz., knife, lip, and apronmay also be attached and used therewith, their dimensions only being adapted to the improved prolonged cavity. Moreover, should it be understood that in all of the form features as by me invented their functional effect alone is essentialnamely, the eifect ofinversing the direction of flow of the power fluid while it is in contact with the resisting-faces and to cause this flow to be undisturbed and unimpeded and without abrupt turns other than on true curves and their tangents and that in consequence the improving form features are essential only in the cavity parts which actually come in contact with the flowing power fluid, and that in further consequence such corners as are not in the path of such flow, such as those farthest remote from the first jet impact laterally, and those nearest to the wheel-crown and adjoining the knife, such as shown in my previous disclosures, may be filled in or even cut off to a functionally non-harmful extent, and it is obvious that the industrial execution of the improved buckets with their improved cavities is subject to the influences of being cast or soldered, whereby corners and edges are dulled or rounded off, while the main and essential relations of resisting-faces to one another are fully maintained.

That which I desire to secure by patent is 1. A bucket for an impact power-wheel, the

interior surfaces of which are the cast or counterpart of halves of a semi-bi-cylin der, fittingly inter and re connected by a semicylinnected fittingly by a section of a semicylindei' 1o drical surface of the same radius as that of of the same radius as that of the semi-bi-cylthe lei-cylinder, substantially as described. inder, substantially as described. 2. A double bucket or Vane for an impact 1 Hoboken, New Jersey, June 29, 1901. 5 power-wheehwhieh has two symmetrical cavi- I f r ties, adjoining in a sharp edge or knife, each i FRANCIS of which cavities is the cast 01' counterpart of a Witnesses: core, which essentially consists of the two I O. K. CAZIN,

halves of a semibi-cy1inde1=,1e and inter con- HERMAN KOESTER. 

